• After the successful development of molecular targeted

  2022-04-13

  

  After the successful development of molecular targeted drugs in lung adenocarcinoma, substantial efforts have been made to provide similar targeted drugs in lung squamous-cell carcinoma. Because FGFR gene alteration is the most frequent occurrence in squamous-cell carcinoma, targeted therapies for F

• br Obesity tips to a systematic failure

  2022-04-13

  

  Obesity tips to a systematic failure in the overall metabolic regulation; it is a major global health problem and is linked to several metabolic diseases such as (T2D) (see ), (NAFLD), and cardiovascular disorders. The prevalence of such metabolic disorders has increased dramatically worldwide ,

• Ras small GTPases are critical molecular

  2022-04-12

  

  Ras small GTPases are critical molecular switches that connect extracellular signals to intracellular signaling pathways initiated by membrane receptors, such as growth factor receptors and G protein-coupled receptors (Simanshu et al., 2017). When shifting between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-b

• Targeting MCTs is likely to have dramatic effects on lactate

  2022-04-12

  

  Targeting MCTs is likely to have dramatic effects on lactate-dependent metabolic symbiosis described in the previous paragraphs. A plethora of MCT inhibitors have been described, including α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHC) [59], organomercurials [60], stilbene disulfonates [60], and other second-gene

• QX 314 bromide br Endogenous and synthetic ligands of GPR Th

  2022-04-12

  

  Endogenous and synthetic ligands of GPR55 There are currently limited commercially available synthetic agonists and antagonists that are specific for GPR55. A large number of studies have investigated the pharmacology of GPR55 4, 23, 25, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, with contradictory findings reporte

• br Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases IBDs including C

  2022-04-12

  

  Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (Baumgart and Sandborn, 2012; Beaugerie et al., 2006) are typically characterized by chronic, progressive, and relapsing inflammation of the intestine. Although the exact pathogenesis of IBD is unknow

• Elevated methylglyoxal levels also contribute to

  2022-04-12

  

  Elevated methylglyoxal levels also contribute to carbonyl stress, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, apoptosis and cell death. These mechanisms may be important for normal aging of the nervous system as well as for the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease wher

• Being a facultative intracellular pathogen C pseudotuberculo

  2022-04-12

  

  Being a facultative intracellular pathogen, C. pseudotuberculosis is exposed to oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) reactive environment within macrophages (Nathan and Shiloh, 2000), apart from species endogenously generated by metabolic processes. These molecules interact with D

• br Restart of Stalled Replication Forks By preventing the re

  2022-04-12

  

  Restart of Stalled Replication Forks By preventing the replisome from unwinding duplex DNA, ICLs stall progression of the replication fork, which in turn results in genomic instability 41., 42.. As in prokaryotes, the conventional mechanism of ICL repair in eukaryotes involves the combined activi

• lpa receptor br Conclusion These are exciting times in EAAT

  2022-04-12

  

  Conclusion These are exciting times in EAAT research. The discovery and use of the GltPh and GltTk transporters as model systems for EAATs has provided detailed understanding of structure–function aspects of the transporters. Moreover, recent studies into the physiological functions of the transp

• br Acknowledgments This research was supported

  2022-04-12

  

  Acknowledgments This research was supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korean Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI17C0616). Dr. Jun-Mo Yang was supported by the Natio

• SR 3576 Heart failure affects approximately million people o

  2022-04-12

  

  Heart failure affects approximately 6.5 million people over 20 years of age in the United States, with its prevalence estimated to increase about 45% by 2030 to almost 8 million . It is a chronic disease with complex etiology and heterogeneity in its pathological manifestations. Major risk factors f

• PF-03084014 Different responses in feed intake

  2022-04-12

  

  Different responses in feed intake have been noticed following administration of exogenous GHRL (peripherally or centrally) depending on animal species. In mammals, injection of GHRL stimulates food intake (orexigenic effect) (reviewed in Kaiya et al., 2013b). In contrast, in domestic birds, exogeno

• cox inhibitor Both preclinical and clinical studies have ide

  2022-04-12

  

  Both preclinical and clinical studies have identified a distributed set of CNS nuclei that participate in cognitive control of feeding behavior. Preclinical studies that utilize restricted access feeding schedules (RFS) indicate that rodents learn to anticipate delivery of scheduled meals as indicat

• Communication through GJ channels is

  2022-04-12

  

  Communication through GJ channels is regulated at different levels and includes GJ plaque internalization into a single cell. Those vesicles contain the membrane of both cells and th assembled Cx43. The C-terminal domain of Cx43 interacts with different peptides and proteins. However, the internaliz

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